Water, Environmental Security and Sustainable Rural Development by Arsel Murat;Spoor Max;

Author:Arsel, Murat;Spoor, Max;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: ebook, book
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Published: 2011-11-16T00:00:00+00:00

Table 6.1 Economie indicators Central Asian countries (2005)

Figure 6.2 Comparing annual water withdrawals (2000) (source: www.worldwaterforum5.org).

Another angle from which to look at the role of water in economic activity is to consider how much GDP a country generates calculated per unit of water used (USD/3). In Central Asia, the highest value, namely US$2.04 of GDP per 3 of water, was produced in oil-rich Kazakhstan and the lowest, US$0.11 in the Kyrgyz Republic (see Figure 6.4). Apart from large differences in resource endowment and a large share that is produced through resource extraction (such as oil in Kazakhstan) this variation also reveals differences in water effciency and investment levels in water infrastructure.

While agriculture has become relatively less important in the GDP of the Central Asian region, still around 50 per cent of the 58 million Central Asians live in rural areas and depend on agriculture, national governments cannot easily move away from agriculture and reduce water withdrawals by this sector. The development of other sectors of the economy, which will be able to absorb the surplus labour from the agricultural sector, might then bring a more relaxed water situation to the region in the longer term.

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